COMPUTERIZED SYSTEM Essay

Frameworks procedures are apparatuses utilized in the examination, structure, and documentation of framework and subsystem connections. They are to a great extent graphical (pictorial) in nature. Systems methods are utilized by bookkeepers who accomplish frameworks work. Documentation incorporates the accompanying kinds of apparatuses: Accounts (composed portrayals) Flowcharts Outlines Other composed material For this subject, we just need to examine two (2) of the most widely recognized documentation devices: Data stream graphs Graphical portrayals of the sources and goals of information. They appear: Where information originates from How it streams The procedures performed on it Where it goes Incorporate three sorts: Report flowcharts depict the progression of archives and data between divisions or units. Framework flowcharts depict the connection between sources of info, preparing, and yields for a framework. Program flowcharts depict the succession of legitimate activities acted in a PC program DATA FLOW DIAGRAMS An information stream chart (DFD) graphically portrays the progression of information inside an association. It is utilized to: Document existing frameworks Plan and structure new frameworks There is no highly contrasting way to deal with building up a DFD. Information sources and goals Show up as squares Speak to associations or people that send or get information utilized or created by the framework A thing can be both a source and a goal Information streams Show up as bolts Speak to the progression of information among sources and goals, procedures, and information stores As you most likely surmised(GUESS) from the past slides, if an information stream is two-way, utilize a bi-directional arrow.If two information components stream together, at that point the utilization of one information stream line is proper.

The Primal Scattering of Languages: Philosophies, Myths and Genders :: Philosophy Philosophical Papers

The Primal Scattering of Languages: Philosophies, Myths and Genders Conceptual: In After Babel, George Steiner relates ‘two primary conjectures’ in folklore which clarify ‘the puzzle of numerous tongues on which a perspective on interpretation hinges.’ One such mythic story is the pinnacle of Babel, which Steiner, yet in addition Jacques Derrida after him, take as their beginning stage to move toward the topic of interpretation; the other guess recounts 'some horrendous blunder [which] was submitted, an inadvertent arrival of etymological turmoil, in the method of Pandora’s Box' (Steiner). This paper will take this other guess, the legend of Pandora, first lady of the Greek creation fantasy, as its place of flight, not exclusively to offer a feminized variant of the base dissipating of dialects, yet to change in a positive light and along these lines likewise toreverse the negative and misanthrope relationship of Pandora with man’s fall. In any case, as opposed to uncovering the settled in male centric predispo sition in mythographers’ translations of Pandora, my first point is to present, through her figure, inquiries concerning language and lady, and, by expansion, the primary language and female sexuality. In After Babel George Steiner describes two fundamental guesses in folklore which clarify the riddle of numerous tongues on which a perspective on interpretation pivots. One such mythic story is the pinnacle of Babel, which Steiner, yet additionally Jacques Derrida after him, take as their beginning stage to move toward the topic of interpretation; the other guess recounts some horrendous mistake [which] was submitted, an incidental arrival of semantic mayhem, in the method of Pandora's Box (Steiner 1975:57). This paper will take this other guess, the fantasy of Pandora, first lady of the Greek creation legend, as its place of takeoff, not exclusively to offer a feminized variant of the basic dispersing of dialects, yet to revamp in a positive light and consequently additionally invert the negative and sexist relationship of Pandora with man's fall. Instead of receiving the patrilinear record Derrida or Steiner give as respects the starting point of interpretation, I will utilize the figure of Pandora to join, and revamp, viewpoints both of the Babel fantasy and the Oedipus legend. This is on the grounds that, while Babel is related with misfortune, the loss of one tongue, and Oedipus is related with come up short on, man's mutilation nervousness, Pandora's container has been related with both: the danger of etymological bedlam, for example the loss of comprehension, and the danger of lady's sexuality, I.

Understanding Others

Understanding Others Arguments are a breeding ground for discontent. Yet many arguments, especially with people we love, are birthed from simple misunderstandings that are blown out of proportion. Understanding other people is a tall order because everybody is differentâ€"but thats what makes life worthwhile: our time on this planet would be mundane if we all had the same personalities, desires, values, and beliefs. And yet, even with our myriad distinctions, we all want the same things out of life: happiness, purpose, fulfillment. Too often, however, we believe our way is the right way: we believe our path toward contentment is the single correct path. So, instead of attempting to understand other points of view, we try to force people onto our path, shoving aside their beliefs to showcase why we are right and why they are wrong. This type of fervent, unwavering certitude is rarely a good ideaâ€"even if you are rightâ€"because it discounts the other persons thoughts and feelings, which leads to defensive posturing, which leads to arguing, which leads to discontentment, which leads to further posturing, misunderstandings, arguments, discontentment. What an ugly cycle. To avoid this spiral of misunderstandingâ€"and eventually arrive at a place of shared contentmentâ€"we must avoid acting on impulse, and we must instead work through the four stages of understanding others: Tolerate. Tolerance is a weak virtue, but its a good start. If someones behavior seems bothersome, it is best to avoid the knee-jerk reactions of fight or flight, and instead find ways to tolerate their differences. For example, lets say youre an aspiring minimalist, but your partner is an enthusiastic collectorâ€"a clear dichotomy of beliefs. Your partner believes collecting porcelain figurines or vintage guitars is the bomb diggity; you believe their treasures are clutter. So youre left scratching your noggin, wondering how to convert them to your singularly valid viewpoint, which can be mind-numbingly frustrating. Dont worry, though, you neednt get on the same page right way; you need only understand you both have your reasons for being on separate pages. By tolerating someones quirks, and allowing them to live happily within their own worldview, you may not understand their obsession with creepy statuettes or unplayed musical instruments, but at least you will be on a path toward understanding that person as an individualâ€"and thats a big first step. Congrats! Accept. To truly live in concert with others, we must quickly move past tolerance toward acceptance. Once youve made a concerted effort to at least tolerate the other persons quirks, their beliefs begin to seem less silly and, in time, more meaningfulâ€"not meaningful to you, but meaningful to someone you care about. Once you realize your partners collection has a purpose to them, it is easier to accept because it is a part of who they are as a whole person; and while you may not like a particular behavior, you still love the entire person, foibles and all. Respect. Acceptingâ€"not just tolerating, but truly acceptingâ€"someones idiosyncrasies is difficult, but not nearly as challenging as respecting that person because of his or her idiosyncrasies. Think about it: it took you this many years to arrive at your current credo, so it might be a tad unreasonable to expect someone else to meet you there overnight, no matter how cogent your counterargument. Okay, so perhaps youd never hoard figurines or guitars, but there are many beliefs you hold that, at face value, seem ridiculous to someone else. But even when other people dont agree with you, even when they dont understand your stance, you still want them to respect your beliefs, right? So why not extend that same respect to the people you love? Only then will you move closer to understanding; only then will you begin to realize your worldview isnt the solitary axiom by which everyone must live. Sure, its nice to have a clutterfree home, but its even nicer to share your life with people you respect. Appreciate. With respect in your rearview, understanding is right around the bend. Continuing our example, lets say your partner experiences great joy from their collection. Why would you want to change that? You want them to be happy, right? Well, if their collection brings contentment to their life, and if you truly care about that person, then their collection should bring joy to your life, too, because happiness is contagious, but only after you get past the arguments, past the stages of tolerance, acceptance, and respect, and honestly appreciate the other persons desires, values, and beliefs. Many of us navigate different roads toward happiness, but even if we travel separate routes, it is important we appreciate the journeyâ€"not only ours, but the journey of everyone we love. When we appreciate others for who they are, not whom we want them to be, then, and only then, will we understand. So the next time you reach  a fork in the road, remember T.A.R.A.: Tolerate, Accept, Respect, and Appreciate. If you travel this path frequently, your relationships will flourish, and youll experience a richness of experience that wasnt possible without a deep understanding of the people in your life. This path works not only for significant others, but for friends, coworkers, and anyone else with whom we want to strengthen our connection. Of course there will be times when values clash, and you wont be able to appreciate the person for who they are. And there will even be rare times when T.A.R.A. is the wrong path altogether: if someone engages in self-destructive behaviorâ€"drugs, crime, racismâ€"then you should not appreciate their conduct. Sometimes its okay to say goodbye, walk away, and travel down a perpendicular path. Special thanks to Patrick Rhone, author of Enough, for last years lunchtime conversation about respect and appreciation.

La Salle University Admissions SAT, Acceptance Rate

To apply to La Salle University, prospective students will need to submit scores from the SAT or ACT, along with an application form, a letter of recommendation, a personal statement, and official high school transcripts. The school has as acceptance rate of 77  percent, making it generally accessible. For more information, or if you have any questions, be sure to contact the admissions office.   Admissions Data (2016) La Salle University Acceptance Rate: 77%GPA, SAT and ACT Graph for La Salle AdmissionsTest Scores -- 25th / 75th PercentileSAT Critical Reading: 440 / 540SAT Math: 430 / 540SAT Writing: - / -What these SAT numbers meanAtlantic 10 Conference SAT score comparisonACT Composite: 19  / 25ACT English: - / -ACT Math: - / -What these ACT numbers meanAtlantic 10 Conference ACT score comparison La Salle University Description La Salle University is a private Lasallian Catholic university with ​its main campus in Philadelphia. The university is founded on the idea that a quality education involves both intellectual and spiritual development. La Salles students come from 45 states and 35 countries, and the university offers over 40 bachelors degree programs. Professional fields in business, communications and nursing are the most popular among undergraduates. The university has a 13 to 1  student/faculty ratio  and an average class size of 20. High achieving students should look into the universitys Honors Program for opportunities to pursue more challenging courses of study. In athletics, the La Salle Explorers compete in the NCAA Division I  Atlantic 10 Conference  for most sports. Popular choices include basketball, soccer, swimming and diving, cross country, field hockey, track and field, and baseball. Enrollment (2016) Total Enrollment: 5,197  (3,652 undergraduates)Gender Breakdown: 38% Male / 62% Female87% Full-time Costs (2016 - 17) Tuition and Fees: $41,100Books: $1,000 (why so much?)Room and Board: $13,580Other Expenses: $1,000Total Cost: $56,680 La Salle University Financial Aid (2015  - 16) Percentage of New Students Receiving Aid: 97%Percentage of New Students Receiving Types of AidGrants: 96%Loans: 76%Average Amount of AidGrants: $26,430Loans: $8,706 Academic Programs Most Popular Majors:  Accounting, Communication Studies, Finance, Marketing, Nursing, Psychology Graduation and Retention Rates First Year Student Retention (full-time students): 75%Transfer-out Rate: 24%4-Year Graduation Rate: 57%6-Year Graduation Rate: 65% Intercollegiate Athletic Programs Mens Sports:  Soccer, Basketball, Track and Field, Baseball, Tennis, Swimming and Diving, Cross Country, GolfWomens Sports:  Basketball, Field Hockey, Swimming and Diving, Tennis, Volleyball, Baseball, Cross Country, Track and Field Data Source National Center for Educational Statistics If You Like La Salle University, You May Also Like These Schools Arcadia University: Profile | GPA-SAT-ACT GraphDrexel University: Profile | GPA-SAT-ACT GraphSeton Hall University: Profile | GPA-SAT-ACT GraphUniversity of Delaware: Profile | GPA-SAT-ACT GraphSyracuse University: Profile | GPA-SAT-ACT GraphTemple University: Profile | GPA-SAT-ACT GraphChestnut Hill College: Profile  University of Pennsylvania: Profile | GPA-SAT-ACT GraphWidener University: Profile  Villanova University: Profile | GPA-SAT-ACT GraphPennsylvania State University: Profile | GPA-SAT-ACT Graph

Supply Chain Management and Information Technology Essay

Supply Chain Management and Information Technology This paper will discuss how to achieve the benefits of cost reduction and profits through the utilization of information technology and information systems by examining processes between buyers and sellers, along with the supply chain. As information systems technology advances, supply chain partners can now work together to optimize performance. A basic enabler for coordination is information sharing, which has been greatly facilitated by the advances in information technology. In traditional supply chain management, orders are the only information exchanged, but information technology now allows demand and inventory data to be quickly and inexpensively shared. This paper†¦show more content†¦A number of major Web sites offer e-procurement marketplaces where end-users can make purchases. Many companies use tools such as this where the end-user can go online and order material with a Purchasing Card. Additionally, companies may use the web to hold Reverse Auctions. A Reverse Auction is an electronic bidding process with a specified date and time for the bidding to occur. The Reverse auction is held on the Internet through a bidding service website. Bidders must have access to the bidding services web site, standard Internet Service Provider (ISP) connection and a web browser. The Reverse Auction is a â€Å"dynamic† event wherein the supplier is able to see the lead (low) bid in the system and the supplier will have to place a bid lower than their previous bid but not necessarily lower than the leading bid. Bidding is done on a per â€Å"Lot† basis as explained later. The bidders only see the quotes/bids on the screen and not the names of the competitors. Prior to the Reverse Auction taking place, a Request For Quote (RFQ) and the â€Å"rules† for the bidding event (e.g., starting prices, bid decrements, bidding event length, etc.) are sent to the prospective suppliers giving them ample time to prepare for the auction. There is a detailed training session that will walk the suppliers through all aspects of the event, software and answer any questions that the suppliers may have. The opening price is set before the auction date andShow MoreRelatedThe Role of Information Technology in Supply Chain Management691 Words   |  3 PagesIntroduction The role of information technology in supply chain management has been is widely acknowledged in various goods and service sectors (Chorafas,2001). This is due to the attempt by firms to discover ways of improving their responsiveness and flexibility. The outcome is the improvement of the companys competitiveness through the changing of the operational strategy, methods as well as technologies through the implementation of the Supply Chain Management (SCM) concept (Fasanghari,HabibipourRead MoreInformation Technology and Supply Chain Management in Amazon.com684 Words   |  3 Pagesï » ¿Information Technology and Supply Chain Management in Amazon.com Introduction The most critical component of the Amazon.com business model is the efficient, profitable performance of its supply chain. For online retailers who compete in high velocity sales environments, the ability to orchestrate suppliers across a very broad supply chain is critical for their continual profitable operation and growth (Albors-Garrigà ³s, Hervas-Oliver, Mà ¡rquez, 2009). Integral to this aspect of Amazons businessRead MoreArticle Summaries: Examining RFID Applications in Supply Chain Management and Mastering the Three Worlds of Information Technology1075 Words   |  4 PagesApplications in Supply Chain Management Introduction The work of Niederman, Mathieu, Morley and Kwon (2007) entitled Examining RFID Applications in Supply Chain Management states that radio frequency identification (RFID) is a technology that has recently emerged in the news due to large organizations requirements that goods shipped by identifiable by RFID tags. The potential benefits of RFID tags include lowering of costs by improvement in inventory management, consumer information gathering, andRead MoreWal Mart s Supply Chain Management Essay1510 Words   |  7 Pages WAL-MART’S SUPPLY CHAIN MANAGEMENT TECHNIQUES Praseeda Sasanka Pisipati NUID :94862513 Table of Contents: Introduction†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦3 A Brief History of Supply Chain Management (SCM)†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦....4 How Supply chain management influenced the retail business †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..5 Gartner hype cycle and scope of SCM trends†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.7 Supply Chain Management in the Gartner hype cycle†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Read MoreSupply Chain Management : Case Study869 Words   |  4 PagesMicroeconomics 25 March 2015 Supply Chain Management Tom Greening once said, All management begins with planning† (Tom Greening). 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Particularly, the fast development of supply chain management can’t without technologies, so this report would introduce what technologies used in todayRead MoreEssay on Supply Chain Management686 Words   |  3 Pages â€Å"Supply chain management is the flow of goods, services, and information from the initial sources of materials and services to the delivery of products and activities occur in the same organization or in other organizations†(Horngren695). This approach enables Regal Marine (R.M) to be highly effective, efficient, and profitable. 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In order to win the competition in the supply chain, which means it must be through the management of the supply chain. Currently supply chains become more integrated, more global, the high-speed development of information technology has become an important driving force. In this report will explore the development of supply chain management technologies and important role. Supply chain and technologies role Supply chain is theRead MoreAdvanced Technology And Supply Chain Management1434 Words   |  6 Pagesand optimizing the processes of the company and profit. The purpose of this research report is to explore one technology that has made a great impact on the supply chain and is increasingly becoming more popular. The Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) as an advanced technology in supply chain management is the technological solution most firms are looking at these days. RFID Technology is a smarter way to track shipments, time deliveries, and keep inventories which in turn makes operations faster

Public Health Of Public Healthcare - 1642 Words

Public Health Public health is an important subject in the curriculum of medical, nursing, and allied health science schools. It is a separate course in the curriculum of some of the chiropractic colleges. The instruction hours of public health course are different among the chiropractic colleges. The Public Health instruction contact hour is 36 to 48 hours and 2-3 credit hours course in all other Chiropractic Colleges except at Palmer College of Chiropractic Florida (12 hours only). Public health is a vital course in any health professional school. Every year, new diseases and new preventive strategies are added in our knowledge bases. There are gross disparities in the credit hours, contact hours, and total hours of instruction among the Chiropractic Colleges. The opinion of leading Chiropractor Instructors regarding the importance of Public Health in the Chiropractic Curriculum is also dissimilar. Although vaccination is a highly effective method to control infectious disease, most of the chir opractic student is not well informed of this matter. Many chiropractic students and practicing chiropractors oppose the idea of mass vaccination. The chiropractic philosophy put emphasis in the spinal nerve compression by misplaced vertebrae instead of microbial etiology of diseases. Many chiropractic student think vaccination is harmful and causes autism and Guillain Barre syndrome. Many other s oppose to add fluoride in the drinking water and think fluoride damages the brain..Show MoreRelatedEthics Of Public Health, And Healthcare1857 Words   |  8 Pagesis that long term consumption of high fat, high sugar foods and drinks lead to many health problems, so making them more expensive and less accessible should decrease the health issues related to their consumption. The main ethical concerns that have been raised with the idea of implementing a fat tax are: autonomy, beneficence, non-maleficence, and justice that the tax would bring or take away from the public. While obesity is a significant issue, costing the US economy approximately $20 billionRead MoreWhat Is The Healthcare And Public Health-Specific Plan743 Words   |  3 PagesHealthcare and Public Health Sector-Specific Plan Introduction Healthcare access is currently a hot topic within American media and under great political debate. The current Administration of this country is defunding and restructuring Healthcare and Public Health resouces as a whole. What happens when this critical infrastructure is in jeopardy of functioning as intended for the protection and welfare of this nations people in an emergency or disaster? The country depends on the stability and accessibilityRead MorePublic Healthcare Policies, And Inadequate Health Awareness994 Words   |  4 PagesAtlanta, Georgia allowed me to see 1st hand the perpetual cycle of absent public healthcare policies, and inadequate health awareness. My mother and aunts were results of this neglect and misguidance, consuming unhealthy diets, and sedentary lifestyles not realizing the damages they were causing to their bodies. Their actions quickly turned into day to day complications from high blood pressure, heart disease and other health disparities that ran ramp ed within the African American community. Just likeRead MoreThe Role Of Healthcare Professionals And Public Health Providers1404 Words   |  6 Pagesof people missing.† (1) The above story was published by the associated press and describes a very recent natural disaster that took place in Mocoa Columbia. As a practicing physician and now being more involved in public health, the role of healthcare professionals and public health providers in disaster preparation is something I am very interested in. A disaster is defined as a â€Å"serious disruption of the functioning of a community or society involving widespread human, material, economic or environmentalRead MoreHcs 535 Public Health and Healthcare1394 Words   |  6 PagesPublic health and health care Concepts of Population Health HCS/535 The Center for Disease Control and Prevention, CDC, coordinate efforts in conjunction with states and other partnersto offer a system of health surveillance, which would monitor and prevent disease outbreaks, which includes bioterrorism. The goal of the agency is to implement strategies to prevent diseases as well as maintain national health statistics. Another role of the CDC is to safeguard against international diseaseRead MoreHow Has Public Health Healthcare Improved Public Healthcare Services For Americans Over The Last Two Decades?1122 Words   |  5 PagesHow has public health informatics improved public health and public health services offered to Americans over the last two decades? In America, on the state, federal and local Public health organizations use informatics widely. Especially the federal government, most of their research is centered on informatics science and digital technology that will have a great influence on public health. Public health informatics has improved public health and public health services offered to AmericansRead MorePublic Health Care Practice : A Private Healthcare Practice860 Words   |  4 Pagesprivately healthcare practice is to generate profits from services rendered. Private health care practice’s sole purpose just like a business is to generate revenue while maintaining financial viability. Financial viability is determined after reviewing all pertinent financial documents. Financial viability and status is determined by reviewing the organization’s Balance Sheets, Statements of Operations, Statement of Changes in Net Assets, and Statements of Cash Flows. A private healthcare practiceRead MoreSutter H ealth : A Non Profit Public Based- Healthcare System1805 Words   |  8 PagesSutter Health Approach Teresa Brasaemle ACC 281 Instructor Mark Metzger February 11, 2016 Sutter Health Approach After reading the following, â€Å"From bottom to top: How one provider retooled its collections† (Souza McCarty, 2007). The article sheds light on the fact that Sutter Health is a non-profit public based- healthcare system. Not to mention it is based in Sacramento, in the northern part of California. 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The private health plan provides two types of health plans – Health management organization (HMO) and PreferredRead MorePublic Relations Between Healthcare Organization Crisis Management And The Way Health Care Organizations1222 Words   |  5 PagesOverview of the Study This case study is primarily aimed at determining the use of public relations in healthcare organization crisis management and the way health care organizations respond to the crisis. This was achieved through the facilitation of procedural data collection from the selected case across the various sources of data available as well as encouraging flexibility throughout the study. 4.2 Research Method The qualitative case study was embraced as the scientific approach. This study

Definition of Eating Disorders

Question: Write a scientific report on the scope as well as characteristics of eating disorder? Answer: Introduction to the eating disorder: Since the beginning of the modern civilization, among the various contrasting factor, which can immensely influenced the numerous fundamental activities as well as the quality of the human life, health and more specifically the basic pillar of the overall health condition is very much significant. In the perspective of this recent scientific report, the various pillar of the health condition food, as well as the fundamental ingredients of the nutrition, is very much important. Here as per the instruction, this scientific report will focus on the basic disorder relating to the disorder of the food which is mainly characterized by the serious psychological followed by the physical sickness specified by the abnormal as well as the unhealthy eating habit of an individual (Absolom, 2011). Definition of the abnormal eating habit: Eating disorders, which may defined as the abnormal habit followed by the metabolism dysfunction, may also adversely, affect the body as well as the mind of the affected person, which may in later results into the serious impairment in the metabolism. In the context of the eating disorder, most of the affected patient are habituated in the unhealthy attitude along with the some abnormal believe to the intake of the food and fear of gaining body weight. After the various scientific studies and numerous elongated study relating to the abnormal habit of eating , researchers did not recognize any specific cause of the eating disorders, which directly correlated to the eating habit followed by the corrigible or incorrigible damage of overall health condition of the patient (Celebrity culture is not to blame for eating disorders 2011). However, the researchers suggest various possible causes of this mental as well as physical abnormalities regarding intake of food followed by the impaired metabolism. These are may be the tendency of being thin and smart in front of the society as well as in front of the colleges or the classmates or friends, which specially showed in the teenagers within the age group of the fifteen to twenty. Classification of the eating disorder: This part of the report scientifically demonstrated on the various category of the abnormal habit as well as the specific eating disorder of the affect Ted patient, which is consecutively may developed as the one of the most significant factor for the further discussion of the research approaches. After the various research program in the specific field of the eating disorder and numerous systematic clinical trial it can be stated that mainly two categories of the eating disorder are available which are Anorexia nervosa as well as Bulimia nervosa (Masheb, 2010). Though the main characteristic of the eating abnormality are supposed to be the result of the psychological disorder regarding the concept of fear relating to the intake of the excess amount of food followed by the gaining of extra weight. However, the mental abnormalities as well as the misconception about the intake of food, are mainly correlated to the category of anorexia nervosa. In this specific category of the eating d isorder, the affected people are suffering from very much misconception regarding the amount of food or nutrient ingredients, they intake daily. The affected people who are mainly within the age group of the fifteen to twenty are not even ready to intake minimum amount of food or essential liquid as per the daily requirement of their respective essential calorie (Reas, 2011). Because of huge lack of food as well as essential nutrients, the recipients are suffering from serious weakness, and as they did not prepare, mentally, it has a major negative impact on the metabolism as well as various physical-metabolic disorder and other associated dysfunction in the crucial physical system. In the other hand, the second category of the eating disorder, this is fundamentally characterized by the over or excessive intake of the food and another same category of liquid by the affected people. Because of the abnormal as well as unhealthy attitude or tendency to the food followed by the excessiv e exercise or sprout to the eating habit (Sanftner, 2011). Various signs and symptoms of abnormal eating pattern: As in the context of the eating disorder and the various psychological as well as physical symptoms regarding the abnormal attitude of the affected patient, anorexia is a relevant physical abnormality, which may generated during the time of suffering from this specific type of sickness. It may be a stated from the various scientific study that anorexia would again sub-classified in the two main part that are restricting type as well as binge type. As in the context of the systematic medical assessment of any short of mental as well as physical abnormalities signs and symptoms plays a significant role. Here in the case of abnormal eating habit some specific abnormal characteristics of the affected people treated as the benchmark marker for the progress of various scientific cultures oriented by the eating disorder and other associated physical problem (Shouse, 2011). In addition, as per this scientific report significant symptoms of the eating disorder are characterized by the develop ment of hair having the lanugo characteristic where a fine, as well as downy hair, is developed throughout the whole body of the affected person. Another sign represented as the development of the thin and pubic hair followed by the high tendency to generate extra hair, especially in the face. Another significant symptoms that remarkably represent the major characteristics of this particular sickness are the rate of heartbeat become irregular that may result in abnormalities in the circulation system like cardiac arrest. Sensitivity to the feeling of cold as well as the serious weakness is the another type of vital disorder. Loss of tooth and development of cavities are the physical problem which directly indicating the deficiency of calcium is the clear representation of the eating disorder. Another major symptom of the abnormal habit of eating is carried by the telogen effluvium as well as hypokalemia and may be kidney failure. Another type of the remarkable symptoms is atrophy of brain and diarrhea, etc (Slevec, 2011). Various methods of conducting research: In the perspective of the systematic way of conducting research related to the various type of psychological as well as physical abnormalities regarding the unhealthy and unspecific habit of eating, it the most significant as well as fundamental approach with the help of which, numerous essential and interesting findings can be achieved (Ola, 2010). Also, the various thought-provoking way may be developed by the scientific study of this specific topic relating to the abnormalities in eating habit to enlarge the further scope of the scientific culture. With the help of the various relevant scientific studies, numerous systematic designs may also develop by which uncountable strategies for counteracting this psychological abnormalities regarding unusual eating habit may derived (Chikaodiri, 2010). To conduct the relevant research approach, researchers go through some fundamental stage like recognizing the actual tendency and estimate the real rate of the incident regarding the abnormal pattern of intake of food. Then the researchers are thoroughly conducting the all relevant literature review on the topic relating to the Eating disorders. Then researchers derived a research design in such way that it clearly explains the unusual attitude of affected patient towards the food and another essential nutrient. The research design also effectively clarifies the various physical as well as mental and behavioral changes in the affected recipients followed by the metabolism dysfunction (Crabtree, 2010). Here in the following diagram the basic path of research designing contains the various perspective of the abnormal eating pattern are represented: Concise resultant of the analysis of the scientific study: In the context of resultant or effective outcomes in respective of conducting a research designing collecting of sample is another important factor. As per this current scientific report, the researchers emphasizes in the collecting the subject comparatively young people like the age group within the fifteen to twenty. Also, the previous scientific database regarding this type of eating abnormality suggests that in compare to the older adult, the tendency is higher in the young people of being affected by this psychological as well as physical disorder. Other significant findings of this research design also suggested that the tendency of affecting the unusual eating behavior is immensely higher in the women (Ghanean, 2011). In the other side which is remarkably ten time greater than the chances of man of being affected by the psychological as well as physical and behavioral abnormalities characterized by the unusual habit of eating and peculiar attitude towards the food and essentia l nutrients. Also, various statistical outcomes also play a significant role in judging the current overall scenario of the disorder relating to the consequent characteristic of unusual eating pattern. It also found that out of every two hundred and fifty women at least one woman is affected by the psychological as well as a mental disorder characterized by the abnormal eating pattern (Haasen, 2010). In the light of the other significant benchmark like the index of basal metabolic rate is fits lower in the affected people having the disorder of the eating pattern in compare to the normal as well as healthy human being. Also, the BMI, the index in compare to the body mass is estimated as the 17.5 in the patient suffering from the Anorexia nervosa. The researchers participating in the scientific study relating to the eating disorder suggested that continuous restriction in taking sufficient amount of food and essential nutrient may even result in serious dysfunction of the major physi ological system followed by the death (Healey, 2010). Conclusion: After the above discussion about the abnormal eating pattern, which may clarified as the unusual habit of eating, characterized by the metabolism dysfunction, it may be concluded that numerous interesting, as well as effective approaches, may be developed by the scientific study of the eating disorder. As the overall estimation of the above discussion about the scientific report also suggest that eating disorder could also negatively affect the body as well as the mind of the affected person, in later which results in the serious dysfunction in the in the metabolic system. Also it may, estimated that This specific research design relating to the abnormalities in eating habit to enlarge the further scope of the scientific culture. With the help of the various relevant scientific studies, numerous systematic designs may also develop by which uncountable strategies for counteracting this psychological abnormalities regarding unusual eating habit may derived. References: Absolom, S., Roberts, A. (2011). Connecting with Others: The Meaning of Social Eating as an Everyday Occupation for Young People. Journal Of Occupational Science, 18(4), 339-346. doi:10.1080/14427591.2011.586324 Celebrity culture is not to blame for eating disorders. (2011). Nursing Children And Young People, 23(7), 5-5. doi:10.7748/ncyp2011.09.23.7.5.p6249 Masheb, R., Grilo, C., White, M. (2010). An examination of eating patterns in community women with bulimia nervosa and binge eating disorder. International Journal Of Eating Disorders, 44(7), 618-624. doi:10.1002/eat.20853 Reas, D., Wisting, L., Kapstad, H., Lask, B. (2011). Convergent Validity of the Eating Disorder Examination and the Eating Disorder Examination-Questionnaire Among University Women in Norway. European Eating Disorders Review, 19(4), 357-361. doi:10.1002/erv.1068 Sanftner, J. (2011). Quality of life in relation to psychosocial risk variables for eating disorders in women and men. Eating Behaviors, 12(2), 136-142. doi:10.1016/j.eatbeh.2011.01.003 Shouse, S., Nilsson, J. (2011). Self-Silencing, Emotional Awareness, and Eating Behaviors in College Women. Psychology Of Women Quarterly, 35(3), 451-457. doi:10.1177/0361684310388785 Slevec, J., Tiggemann, M. (2011). Media Exposure, Body Dissatisfaction, and Disordered Eating in Middle-aged Women: A Test of the Sociocultural Model of Disordered Eating. Psychology Of Women Quarterly, 35(4), 617-627. doi:10.1177/0361684311420249 Banham, L. and Gilbody, S. (2010). Smoking cessation in severe mental illness: what works?. Addiction, 105(7), pp.1176-1189. Chikaodiri, A. (2010). Health professionals familiarity and attributions to mental illness. Mental Illness, 2(1), p.1. Crabtree, J., Haslam, S., Postmes, T. and Haslam, C. (2010). Mental Health Support Groups, Stigma, and Self-Esteem: Positive and Negative Implications of Group Identification. Journal of Social Issues, 66(3), pp.553-569. Ghanean, H., Nojomi, M. and Jacobsson, L. (2011). Internalized stigma of mental illness in Tehran, Iran. SRA, 1(1). Haasen, C. (2010). Comorbidity of paraphilia and depression in Mexico. Mental Illness, 2(1), p.8. Healey, J. (2010). Understanding mental illness. Thirroul, N.S.W.: The Spinney Press. Inheriting Mental Illness. (2010). Science, 327(5971), pp.1307-1307. Koschade, J. and Lynd-Stevenson, R. (2011). The stigma of having a parent with mental illness: Genetic attributions and associative stigma. Australian Journal of Psychology, 63(2), pp.93-99. Ola, B. and Morakinyo, O. (2010). Study habits among Nigerian secondary school students with brain fag syndrome. Mental Illness, 2(1), p.2. Payton, A. and Thoits, P. (2011). Medicalization, Direct-to-Consumer Advertising, and Mental Illness Stigma. Society and Mental Health, 1(1), pp.55-70. Verhaeghe, M., Bracke, P. and Christiaens, W. (2010). Stigma and Client Satisfaction in Mental Health Services. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 40(9), pp.2295-2318. Weinstein, J. (2010). Mental health, service user involvement and recovery. London: Jessica Kingsley Publishers.

Wildest dreams Essay Example For Students

Wildest dreams Essay Shelley gives Frankenstein two personalities, such a man has a double existence and much of the tension in this letter revolves around this strange and changeable character. Frankenstein obviously has many secrets and many troubled thoughts, Walton describes him as being impatient of the weight of woes that oppresses him. He also says I often feared that his sufferings had deprived him of understanding. As Walton is the narrator his fears are passed to the reader. Neither Walton nor his crew know anything about Dr Frankenstein, they are curious about this person and yet cant, or shouldnt, ask him questions since it would not be polite. Lastly, Dr Frankenstein is normally very depressed but he suddenly becomes excited when he hears about the creature From this time a new spirit of life animated the stranger. This introduces the intriguing question of a possible connection between the two. By chapter four Shelley shifts from tension to horror. At the end of letter four Frankenstein decides to tell his own story and the novel switches narrator from Walton to him. We will write a custom essay on Wildest dreams specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now In chapters one and two Victor tells Walton about his childhood, in chapter three he speaks of the death of his mother and going to university. This all creates the background on which the character is built. In chapter four Frankenstein speaks of his experiments, this marks a change from tension to horror as there is a lot of description. Victor starts talking about his slightly crazy side; he often refers to dead bodies and his actions towards them as if it did not matter. He says a churchyard was to me merely the receptacle of bodies. This blasi and indifferent attitude towards what he was doing causes horror. Also Victor has an unnatural drive or obsession for what he is doing I seemed to have lost all soul or sensation but for this one pursuit. His ambition overcomes his fear, guilt and morality. The horror is sustained by the fact that he is almost isolated or separated from reality. Also, he forgets his method once he has finished so he can not undo what he has done. Finally there is the physical horror of both the degeneration of Victor and the image of the creature itself, Victor states I resolved to make the being of a gigantic stature, that is to say, about eight feet in height, and proportionally large. The idea of recreating life is horrific and the idea that that life is a new large species increases the sense of horror. Chapter five continues the horror of Victor Frankensteins actions. The descriptions of the creature contained in chapter five are dramatically different to the later descriptions found in chapter seventeen. In chapter five Victor describes the creature as horrific, he says breathless horror and disgust filled my heart and No mortal could support the horror of that countenance. Yet in chapter seventeen, although he still does not like the look of the creature, he is not so horrified by it. When he says A fiendish rage animated him it is not quite as emotive and loathing as some of his comments in chapter five. In chapter five Victor describes the creature as hostile, seemingly to detain me and I did not dare return are just some of the phrases he uses. In chapter seventeen however, Victor describes the creature as reasonable, I felt that there was some justice in his argument. Victor did not give him a chance at first but by chapter seventeen he realises that the monster is not that hostile after all and seems to believe that it is mainly his fault that the creature feels such hatred.

January Thaw essays

January Thaw essays Science has always been a subject that I found interest in, but I never put that interest to use. Ive taken many science classes in my life, but I can honestly say that I have not learned much. I do know, from my two days in Biology 100, that I am on the verge of learning more about science and becoming more enthusiastic about it. When I first bought A Sand County Almanac by Aldo Leopold, I thought that it was for a literature class that I was taking this semester. It did not really seem like the kind of book to be used to teach Biology, or so I thought. I flipped through the book the weekend before classes started, and I actually read January Thaw at that time. Like I said previously, I did not know that the book was for my Biology 101 class. I found January Thaw to be a great read. I was very surprised when, on August 27, 2001, my professor said that A Sand County Almanac would be the primary text for the class. I already knew that I would be interested in the book from my pre-reading, so I was delighted to begin my journey in science. In this essay, I will discuss my responses to the essay January Thaw. When I read the essay January Thaw for the first time, I thought that it was merely a story about a persons love for animals. I thought that Leopold loved animals so much that he wrote a whole essay about his observations of them. Well, I figured that my initial response to the essay was too simple and not quite right. I begin to ask questions about the text in order to come to a more educated response to the essay. Why would someone write a whole essay about the actions of animals without having a point? Why is this essay, by Leopold, still read and discussed after so long, if it was merely about the lives of wild animals? I thought very deeply about those questions and could not really answer them, but I did de ...

The History of Kuwait Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

The History of Kuwait - Assignment Example The country is a constitutional monarchy but has a parliamentary system of governance. The constitutional emirate is a hereditary position and the emir is the chief of state while the head of government is the Prime Minister and deputy prime ministers who both are appointed by the emir. The legislature consists of 66 seats with 50 states elected by popular vote while appointed cabinet ministers occupy the rest. The judiciary is based on Sharia law and is impendent from government influence (Casey 19). Most of the Kuwaitis are Arabs and Islam is the dominant religion in the country with the majority being Sunni Muslims. Foreign groups include Iranians, South Asians, and expatriates and the official language is Arabic, but English is also spoken (O’Shea and Spilling 45). The religious minorities include Parsi, Hindu, and Christians and Native Kuwaitis do not pay any taxes. Kuwait’s foreign-policy making is based on quiet diplomacy, clarity, and straightforwardness and aim s at strengthening cooperation with other countries on the basis of non-intervention in the internal country affairs and mutual trust. Kuwait’s foreign policy is based on the ideals of sovereignty and freedom of political decision (O’Shea and Spilling 17). The Emir, Crown Prince, Prime Minister and government ministers occupy the executive branch and are key decision-makers. The chief of State is Emir Sabah al-Ahmad al-Jabir al-Sabah (since 2006) and Crown Prince is Nawafal – Ahmad. The decrees and pardons are executed by the Emir and have a lot of influence on the foreign policy decisions. The Emir is hereditary and is tasked with appointing the Prime Minister, and deputy prime ministers and approves the council of government ministers that is appointed by the Prime Minister (Casey 61). The parliament is a key decision-maker in foreign policy since it has the power to initiate legislation, remove the Emir and question actions of government ministers.

Planetary volcanism Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Planetary volcanism - Essay Example Because of very high temperature in the inner core of the earth, the interior material is usually in molten state (Greeley, 2013). When two plates move further apart, the earth’s interior materials progressively rise up and occupy the vents created by plate movement. Magma chambers may also form in cases where plate move over each other. Despite the fact that volcanism on earth usually takes place at boundaries between plates, it can also happen at the hotspots within the plates’ interiors. Very high temperature of the earth’s interior causes materials within the inner part to melt. This molten material is then ejected to the earth’s surface under high pressure. When magma reaches the surface of the earth, it solidifies into thick lava, which eventually forms volcanic rocks. Volcanoes on earth are mainly categorized into two: shield and composite volcanoes (Greeley, 2013). Evidences of volcanism have also been noticed in the Earth’s moon. The moon is characterized by small volcanoes, crevices as well as widespread basalt lava flows (Greeley, 2013). The moon’s large and dark basins, often called the mare, are flows of lava. However, there exist no sign of active volcano on the moon’s surface and all the evidences of volcanoes are archaic. Volcano in the planet moon, occurred millions of years ago and no recent volcanic activity has been observed in the recent past. Mars also has exhibits of volcanism. The planet has volcanic features that are akin to those on Earth, but a bit larger. Mars has shield volcanoes with Olympus Mons (22 kilometers) being the solar system’s tallest volcano. The Tharsis region hosts most volcanoes in Mars (Kusky, 2005). Similar to volcanoes on Earth, the volcanoes in Mars are believed to have formed from materials ejected from the deep and hot interior of the planet. Unlike the Moon, many scientists believe Mars has active volcanoes. Basalt meteorites are perfect

Disasters In Tamilnadu Coastal States

Disasters In Tamilnadu Coastal States Natural Disasters like Cyclone, Flood and Tsunami have been affecting the coastal communities for a long time. The prime reason behind this impact is the lack of last mile communications. In a disaster situation, timely warnings allow people to take actions that save lives, reduce damage to property and minimize human suffering. To facilitate an effective warning system, there is a major need for better coordination among the early warning providers as well as those handling logistics and raising awareness about disaster preparedness, security and management. There are many new communication technologies that allow warning providers not only to reach the people at risk but also to personalize their warning message to a particular situation. Opportunities are available right now to significantly reduce loss of life and properties if disaster warning systems can be improved. In this study, the researcher analyzes how various forms of Radio plays an important role in disseminating infor mation among the people during emergencies using survey and interviews. This paper also looks into the effective role of ICT in communicating security planning, preparedness and risk management strategies to coastal communities in the Tamil Nadu state of India. Keywords: natural disasters, communication, technology, radio, village information centres DISASTERS IN TAMILNADU, A COASTAL STATE IN INDIA India is one of the most disaster prone countries of the world. It has had some of the worlds most severe droughts, famines, cyclones, earthquakes, chemical disasters, rail accidents, and road accidents. The developing countries are becoming increasingly exposed to greater numbers of natural and man-made disasters, resulting in larger numbers of people becoming victims. It is estimated that between 1980 and 1984, about 800 disasters affected the lives of about 400 million people in the world. The high density of population in the developing countries, especially in the high risk coastal areas, results in several millions of people getting affected by natural disasters, especially in recurring disasters like floods, cyclones, storm surges, etc. Tamilnadu being one of the 28 states of India lies on the eastern coast of the southern Indian peninsula bordered by Puducherry (Pondicherry), Kerela, Karnataka and Andhra Pradesh. Since Tamilnadu and Puducherry were located in the coastal areas of Bay of Bengal, the natural disasters such as Tsunami, Floods, Cyclone takes away the lives of many people which include damage to the properties. Over 1000 killed as Tsunami hits Eastern and South coastal areas in India. Over a thousand people have been killed in tidal waves in Tamil Nadu, Puducherry, Andhra Pradesh and Andaman and Nicobar Islands. Tamil Nadu and Puducherry was the worst affected with possibly over 800 people killed. At least 350 people have been confirmed dead in Tamil Nadu with over 100 people dead in Chennai alone. As many as 239 people have been killed in Cuddalore in Tamil Nadu, while in Nagapatnam; the number of dead has been confirmed as 273. INFORMATION NEEDS IN DISASTER MANAGEMENT The information needs of disaster management deals with collection of two categories of disaster-related data: â‚ ¬Ã‚  Pre-disaster baseline data about the country and risks; and Post-disaster real-time data about the impact of a disaster and the resources available to combat it. Similarly, the disaster management functioning procedure is dealt with two types of activities: â‚ ¬Ã‚  Pre-disaster activities: analysis and research (to improve the existing knowledge base), risk assessment, prevention, mitigation and preparedness; and Post-disaster activities: response, rehabilitation and reconstruction. The ability of leaders and administrators to make sound disaster management decisions to analyze risks and decide upon appropriate counter-measures can be greatly enhanced by the cross-sectoral integration of information. COMMUNICATION FACILITIES FOR DISASTER MANAGEMENT Communication is a major bottleneck in case of any major disaster particularly when the traditional network system already in force brakes down. In order to strengthen communications, it has been decided that police network (POLNET) will also be used for disaster management. For this purpose POLNET communication facility was extended to District Magistrates, Sub Divisional Magistrates as well as the Control Rooms. For emergency communication, mobile satellite based units which can be transported to the site of the disaster are being procured. A group was constituted to draw a comprehensive communication plan for disaster management nd the report has since been received. This provides for a dedicated communication system for disaster management with built in redundancies. Communication and education can play a proactive role in mitigation through awareness about the types of disaster and as to how prevention measures can be taken up. There is also a Satellite based communication system called the Cyclone Warning Dissemination Systems (CWDS) for transmission of warnings. There are 250 cyclone-warning sets installed in the cyclone prone areas of east and west coast. The general public, the coastal residents and fishermen, are also warned through the Government machinery and broadcast of warnings through AIR and Television. The use of satellite, computers, electronics, better communication facilities are make significant difference in disaster management. The data processing and computers are providing a useful tool in decision making in disaster. OBJECTIVES To study the various communication technologies applied for the inter-organizational communication for disaster management in Cuddalore, a coastal state of TamilNadu. To investigate the effectiveness of VHF Radio System based EWS in disseminating early warning to coastal communities in Cuddalore. REVIEW OF LITERATURE ROLE OF GOVERNMENT IN DISASTER MANAGEMENT The role of Government in disaster management is to provide a central, coordinated plan of action to address the damage caused by a disaster as well as the needs of the people affected. They also address the degree of risk present within an emergency situation. They repair the hazardous conditions such as polluted water supplies, damaged power lines, and inadequate housing. When needed, civil defense units such as the National Guard is called to maintain order within a disaster situation. Emergency management also involves providing the support necessary to prepare and rebuild a community aftermath a disaster. Government agencies also provide the lines of communication needed to keep responders in touch with government and public officials. Mobile communications systems are also put in place to provide airlifted networks of communication throughout a particular region. A World Wide Scenario A report on Disaster Management Centre, published by Government of Sri Lanka (2005) provides details regarding the functioning of disaster management centre in Sri Lanka. Hazard Mapping and Risk Assessment, information and data collection are the major functions of this centre. The collected information is disseminated to the communities through mobile phones, loudspeakers, television, radio etc. The article also stresses on the difficulties in communication in an emergency situation. Frequent breakdown in telephone systems, jamming of telephones systems, non-availability of telecommunication facilities in remote villages creates major hindrance in communication during an emergency situation. Kerala State Disaster Management Policy, a report published by Government of Kerala (2009) shows the system and procedure of working of Emergency Operation Centre (EOC). The system of EOC is designed in such a way that the information can be promptly assessed and relayed to concerned people. Rapid dissemination contributes to quick response and effective decision making during emergencies. EOC functions round the clock and maintains direct linkage with district control rooms through phone, fax, wireless and internet. Report also mentions the incidence command system. The Incidence Command System is an organized system of government departments and other agencies that are to be worked under a structured pattern for response and recovery. Disaster Management Policy and Communication Systems, a report published by Government of Japan (2007) brings out the functioning procedure of Disaster Management Communication Systems in Japan. Data gathering and message sending to communities are the major functions of this system. The information collected is disseminated to communities through loudspeakers and sirens. Report also shows the organizational communication between various departments like fire and disaster management centre, telecommunication and broadcast ministry, municipality etc. A Nation wide Scenario The article on Disaster Management, published by Government of India (2004) discusses the activities carried out by the central government at the times of a disaster. The basic responsibility of the government is to undertake rescue, relief and rehabilitation measures, and provision of logistical and financial support to state governments during a disaster. The logistical support includes deployment of aircrafts and boasts, specialist teams of Armed Forces, Central Para Military Forces, arrangements for relief materials essential commodities including medical stores, restoration of critical infrastructure facilities including communication network and such other assistance as may be required by the affected stats to meet the situation effectively. An article on Disaster Management in India, published by Government of India (2005), reveals the functioning procedure of National Emergency Management Authority. Reviewing the status of warning system, mitigation measure and disaster preparedness are its major functions. It suggests the state governments to restructure/re-group the officers/staff within the Department of Disaster Management with definite functions to pursuer the holistic approach to disaster management. The four functional groups to be assigned with specific tasks within departments are, hazard mitigation, preparedness and capacity building, relief and response, administration and finance. Development of National Emergency Communication Plan, an article published by Government of India (2006) recommends a nationwide network between the state governments with triple redundancy and full reliability during emergencies to connect the national, state and district Emergency Operation Centres. In Phase I of the report, it is proposed to establish an Emergency Communication System to provide mobile communication linkages through satellite between on-site disaster response teams to be deployed in remote locations and national and state Emergency Operation Centres. In Phase- II, the plan insists the connectivity using lines with various satellite back ups from the existing networks such as BSNL, Police Network, SPACENET to establish an integrated network among all Emergency Operation Centres and mobile Emergency Operation Centres at disaster sites. State Wide Scenario In Tamil Nadu and Puducherry A report Disaster Management in Tamil Nadu, published by Government of Tamil Nadu (2005) describes the activities carried out by the government in all three phases of disaster management. In Phase I (pre-disaster phase), all district collectors would prepare detailed action plans at local body level and at district level. The public and private sectors, voluntary agencies and community would be actively involved in the formulation of such plans. Formulation of appropriate policies and guidelines for disaster management, risk assessment and mapping of disaster vulnerable areas, establishment of communication network, setting up early warning systems would be carried out in pre-disaster phase. In phase II (disaster phase) warning and evacuation, immediate search and rescue operations, providing medical care, adequate health and sanitation care, provision of safe drinking water, mobilizing funds for relief, rehabilitation, relief packages are carried out in disaster phase. In phase III (post-disaster phase) reconstruction of houses, relocation of affected people, disbursement of funds, redressal of grievances, modification and updation of disaster plans are carried out. Disaster Management Action Plan for Floods Cyclones, a report published by Government of Puducherry (2009) describes the details regarding various organizations like revenue department, fire and rescue department, health department etc. involved in disaster management within Puducherry and their functions. Report also mentions the activities carried out by these departments during a disaster, like revenue department disseminates early warnings before a disaster strikes, fire and rescue department helps in search and rescue process while all the medical needs and disturbances are handled by health department. A report on Standard Operating Procedure (SOP) for disasters, published by Government of Puducherry (2009) describes the steps prepared in concise form as a response to any kind of disaster. It suggests the sequence of actions to be taken by different departments in central/state/district level. The SOP will respond to all disaster calls, mobilizing staff and fire units, effective management of resources by communication and mobilization of additional resources. It will be altered according to the scene of occurrence and a quick spot decision will be made by the operational in charge in consultation with the controlling officers. ORGANIZATIONS INVOLVED IN DISASTER MANAGEMENT Functions at National Level J. P. Saulina Arnold (2006) discusses National Disaster Response Mechanism, which reviews the existing arrangements for preparedness and mitigation of natural/man-made disasters, recommend measures for strengthening organizational structures and recommends a comprehensive model plan for management of the disasters at National, State and District level. National Disaster Response Force (NDRF) has been established with personnel from the Para military forces for strengthening the preparedness and emergency response in the country. Eight battalions of the NDRF have been setup and deployed in strategic locations in the country and the NDRF personnel are being trained and equipped with state-of-the-art life saving equipments, search and rescue equipments, inflatable boats, etc. The NDRF personnel are also being trained for preparing and responding to Chemical, Biological, Radiological and Nuclear (CBRN) emergencies. Vinod Chandra Menon (2009) discusses the role of National Disaster Management Authority (NDMA). NDMA is chaired by the Prime Minister is the apex body for disaster management in country, which sets up State District Management Authorities for the effective coordination among the central and state to minimize the impact of the disaster. The National Institute for Disaster Management (NIDM) has been established as the apex training institute for disaster management in India. NIDM coordinates the capacity building efforts of disaster management faculty in State Training Institutes and also offers a few distance education programmes in disaster management in collaboration with the World Bank Institute. The NIDM also hosts the SAARC Centre for Disaster Management. Vinod K. Sharma (2006) describes the role of National Crisis Management Committee (NCMC), which gives direction to the Crisis Management Group as deemed necessary. The Secretary, Ministry of Home Affairs is responsible for ensuring that all developments are brought to the notice of the NCMC promptly. The NCMC can give directions to any Ministry/Department/Organization for specific action needed for meeting the crisis situation. The article also describes the role of National Emergency Management Authority at the National level (NEMA). When a disaster strikes, the Authority will coordinate disaster management activities. The Authority will be responsible for:-  · Coordinating/mandating Governments policies for disaster reduction/mitigation.  · Ensuring adequate preparedness at all levels in order to meet disasters.  · Coordinating response to a disaster when it strikes.  · Coordination of post disaster relief and rehabilitation. Functions at State Level The report Disaster Management in Tamil Nadu, published by Government of Tamil Nadu (2006) describes the role of State Emergency Management Planning Committee (SEMPC). State Emergency Management Plan is prepared for each kind of disaster and the details of the organizational structure for emergency management activities are known. Responsibility of concerned agencies for the execution of rescue, relief and recovery operations and Standard Operating Procedure for each is available. A State Emergency Management Planning Committee (SEMPC) should be constituted with all the stakeholders as members. The report also analyzes the role of State Crisis Group (SCG). State Crisis Group (SCG) enables quick decision making, operational direction and coordination of the issue of warning and execution of rescue, relief and recovery operations. The responsibilities of the SCG would include: On spot decision making Control and coordination of response and recovery activities Resource mobilization and replenishment Monitoring of overall response recovery activities. Preparation of reports for submission to State Government State Emergency Control Room (SECR) ensures all warning and communication systems, instruments are in working condition and collect information on a routine basis from the State departments on the vulnerability of areas to disasters. Functions at District Level The report published by Government of Tamil Nadu (2006) reviews the functioning procedure of disaster management organizations at district level. It is the District Collector who is the focal point at the District level for directing, supervising and monitoring relief measures for disaster and for preparation of District level plans. The relief measures are reviewed by the district level relief committee consisting of official and non-official members including the local legislators and the members of parliament. The Collector maintains close coordination with the Central Government authorities in the districts, namely, the Army, Air Force and Navy, Ministry of Water Resources, etc., who supplement the effort of the district administration in the rescue and relief operation. ORGANIZATIONAL COMMUNICATION FOR DISASTER MANAGEMENT Duke H. Jeong (2006) analyzes the Inter-Organizational Information Management and Communication Breakdowns in Initial Disaster Response Mechanism. During disaster relief operations, collaborative critical decisions are often made by decision-makers from many different organizations and from a diversity of professional fields. Communication breakdowns often hamper the effective coordination of a disaster response, particularly when a multiplicity of Federal, state, local and volunteer organizations takes part in the effort. A communication breakdown is defined as the failure to communicate information due to the inability to obtain critical and needed information and the inability to obtain sufficient information quality to support decision-making. Gauruav Vivek Bhatnagar (2009) discusses the New Network for Disaster Management. Terrestrial Trunked Radio (Tetra) Communication would help establish the countrys first exclusive Government Radio Network (GRN) in Delhi. Tetra network seeks to facilitate swift and secure communication among various government agencies like Police, Fire services, hospitals, Public Works Department and Transport Corporation, the system would of be of great help in any disaster management exercise. Johnson and Zawawi (2002) describe the advances in inter-organizational disaster Management. Inter-organizational disaster response requires collaboration among geographically distributed public and private organizations to enable a rapid and effective response to an unexpected event. In order to ensure coherent coordination among the responding organizations, relevant information needs have to be collected from multiple sources, verified for accuracy and shared with appropriate organizations, all within a short time frame. Humphrey (2009) suggests that disaster management should get proactive by using RPM method. RPM stands for Recognize, Prioritize, and Mobilize to anticipate potential disasters. This approach involves recognizing potential threats, prioritizing them according to their seriousness and mobilizing resources to prevent them from occurring or at least minimizing their impact. Most organizations fail to anticipate threats mainly because of following reasons: Lack of recognition: Leaders remain oblivious to approaching threats and pay no head to warning signs. Lack of prioritizations: Leaders detect a threat but do not consider it serious enough and therefore do not give the attention it deserves. Lack of Mobilization: They recognize a danger and are aware of its seriousness but neglect to take proper action in time. Lawal Billa, Mansor Shattri, Ahmad Rodzi Mahmud and Abdul Halim Ghazali (2006) have discussed about the Comprehensive Planning and the Role of Spatial Decision Support System. Through case study, they have analyzed that the strength of Spatial Decision Support System in the collection and processing of information to speed-up communication between the proponents of the disaster management program. Moreover, Spatial Decision Support System plays an important role in decision-making. Louise K. Comfort (2006) describes the Inter-Organizational Design for Disaster Management. Cognition understanding; communication, coordination and control are the main factors to be concentrated between the organizations of disaster management. Marijn Janssen and Nitesh Bharosa (2005) discuss the Advances in Multi-agency Disaster Management. When a disaster strikes, the complex task environment requires multiple organizations to transform from autonomous actors to interdependent decision-making teams. In order to ensure coherent coordination among the responding organizations, relevant information needs to be collected form multiple sources, verified for accuracy and shared with appropriate responding organizations all within a short time frame. Naim Kapucu (2006) describes the Interagency Communication Networks during Emergencies. He focuses on pre-incident and technical aspects of communication. Pre-incident communications deals among key local disaster response organizations such as law enforcement agencies, fire departments, local emergency management agencies and organizations in the health and welfare sectors. The tool used for communication between organizations during a disaster is mobile communication and computer based networking. Technical problems also inhibit the information exchange. Flooding, hurricanes, earthquakes are all capable of toppling antennas and interrupting normal electrical power. Nigel Martin (2007) has reviewed how regional governments in Asia and other national governments around the world collect, manage and share critical geo-technical information. Through case study, it was concluded that early warning information were not handled by the government in an efficient way before the tsunami wave stroke. No proper technological solutions to provide earthquake and tsunami warning information. N. K. Chhibber (2007) describes the Disaster Communication Network in Maharashtra. VSAT network and VHF radio network has been maintained for the dissemination of emergency information within the state. Ryan, Matheson (2009) analyze the Significance of Communication in Emergency Management. The study attempts to quantity the importance of communication activities to emergency management. Through content analysis, it was founded that there is a rapid improved communication between the organizations. Sir car, Scalem (2004) has described about the Networking of Organizations in four zones of working such as normal stage, pre-disaster stage, disaster stage and post-disaster stage. The role of Revenue department in pre-disaster stage is to collect the warning news from higher officials and pass the information to communities through mobile technology or radio technology. The role of Fire and Rescue Department is to provide rescue and rehabilitation procedure. Soundarya Viswanathan (2009) describes the awareness level among the government officials, representatives of local bodies and general public of disaster. Lack of awareness among them, lead to a serious disruption of the functioning of a community or society, causing widespread human, material, economic or environmental losses. In order to meet the disaster risk posed by forms of disasters, a system of enormous task must be undertaken such as hazard analysis and dissemination to the community, identification of vulnerabilities to various hazards, eliminating or strengthening the vulnerabilities, capacitating the community for readiness and resilent to all types of hazard. S. Suri (2000) analyzes the reasons behind the Orissa disaster which took away many lives of the people due to the failure of Cyclone Warning Dissemination System (CWDS). Due to the system failure, warnings were not given so to create awareness to the people, which has lead to a major destruction. Only television and radio warnings were given, but not of accurate information. Vinod K. Sharma (2002) describes the overall view of the disaster administration mechanism in the country at the central, the state and the district level also highlighting the role played by the secondary institutions. The Department of Agriculture and Cooperation (DAC) in the agriculture ministry is the nodal department for all matters concerning natural disasters relief at the centre. It transmits all emergency information to all concerned state governments for effective disaster management. The report published by Government of Puducherry (2006) describes the implementation of various communication technologies in Puducherry after tsunami. It describes the activation go emergency operation centre and dissemination of early warming through VHF sets. METHODOLOGY For this study the researcher has adopted survey method which is a quantitative type of research. The tool used for data collection is Questionnaire. Cluster sampling technique was used for data collection from coastal communities in Cuddalore. The sample size is 300. The Survey was conducted to find the mostly employed communication technology for security planning during disasters and the effectiveness of VHF based Early Warning Systems among them. ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION The following is the graphical presentation of data collected from the questionnaires. When asked whether they are aware about various disasters, the response was the following: Fig. 1 Awareness level about various disasters Coastal communities are majorly aware of following communication technologies: Fig. 2 Knowledge regarding Communication technologies Communication technologies they have in their homes, which are majorly employed in disaster management are: Fig. 3 Communication technologies used in homes. When asked the source of getting disaster news, the response was the following: Fig. 4 Devices used to getting information regarding disasters. When asked, whether they are informed regularly the alterations in weather conditions, the response was the following: Fig. 5 Updation of weather alterations. They get weather information from, Fig. 6 Organizations that provide weather informations. When asked about the usage of mobile phones in disaster management, the response was following: Fig. 7 Usage of Mobile Phones for disseminating disaster news. When asked whether they are aware of VHF Radio based Early Warning System, the response was following: Fig. 8 Awareness level regarding VHF systems. The Efficiency of VHF Radio based Early Warning System before 2009 is: Fig. 9 Efficiency of VHF systems before 2009. The Efficiency of VHF Radio based Early Warning System after 2009 is 76% as shown below: Fig. 9.1 Efficiency of VHF systems after 2009. The Efficiency of Village Information Centres (VIC) Public Address System (PAS) based Early Warning System before 2009 is: Fig. 10 Efficiency of VIC early warning systems before 2009. The Efficiency of Village Information Centres (VIC) Public Address System (PAS) based Early Warning System after 2009 is just 19%: Fig. 10.1 Efficiency of VIC early warning systems after 2009. Type of information they get from VHF system is, Fig. 11 Type of information provided by VHF systems. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS 87% of the respondents told that they are aware of various disasters that would bring great disturbance to their livelihood. 13% of the respondents very unable to distinguish the natural disasters from man-made disasters. Majority of the respondents replied that, Mobile Phones and TV are the major communication technologies, which knew that mainly provide information regarding disasters. There are majorly two modes of communication dedicated for disaster management in coastal areas. One is from the government side and the other is from the non-governmental organizations (NGO). The government of Tamil Nadu has set up VHF Radio based early warning system in all the panchayat offices of coastal villages that are present in the High Tide Line (HTL). HTL is defined as the area within 500 mts from the sea level. The warning is given through PAS (Public Address System) present on top of the panchayat office buildings that have a reach of 1 to 2 kms. NGOs have established Village Information Centres (VIC) in most of the coastal areas that are vulnerable to coastal disasters. These VICs also have PAS for disaster information dissemination. 98% of the respondents said that they are aware of VHF Radio based Early Warning System and VICs run by the local NGOs, while 2% of the respondents are unaware of it. Majority of the respondents told that VHF Radio based Early Warning System is effective in disseminating in disaster news to coastal community before 2009. It is to be noted that the Indian Ocean Tsunami striked the Tamil Nadu coast during December 2004 and after that immediately, VIC and VHF based early warning systems were established. It was functioning very well for more than 2 years as said by the respondents. But there is deterioration in the quality and frequency of disaster information being disseminated through both the systems after 2009 especially with respect to the VICs run by NGOs because of their problems with financial sustainability. The figures and percentages are clearly given in the graph above. 64% of the respondents replied that they gain early warning alerts from VHF system, 32.8% respondents receive preparedness aler

Endangered Species Legislation Essay -- CITES, Endangered Species Act

The latter half of the twentieth century was host to the greatest and most widespread advancements in environmental awareness in human history. It was during this time that people began to consider the effects of their polluting cars and their wasteful habits. People began to realize that something must be done to curb humans’ negative impacts on their surroundings and thus the environmental movement was born. One of the most important factors that resulted from this expansion of environmental consciousness occurring over the last several decades has been the protection of endangered species. Much has been done in the legal world to ensure the continued longevity of our planet’s diversity, including two major policies: CITES and the Endangered Species Act. Each of these policies has approached the welfare of endangered species in a different way, with varying degrees of success. Each strategy will be summarized and analyzed, beginning with the CITES treaty, as it was enacted before the Endangered Species Act. However, before examining the function and effectiveness of each strategy, it is important to understand the history behind each one of them. In 1966, Congress passed the Endangered Species Preservation Act, a piece of legislation designed to provide limited protection to a list of native animal species. The Departments of Interior, Agriculture, and Defense were responsible for the protection of these species and the preservation of their habitats. It also allotted land to the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service to help maintain these natural habitats. In 1969, the Act was amended because further protection was necessary. With the threat of worldwide extinction, the amendment called for an international meeting and cha... ...es rather than the officials that manage them, but all things considered, these two policies go a long way to improving the problem of human-caused extinction. Works Cited Doremus, Holly, and Joel E. Pagel. "Why Listing May Be Forever: Perspectives on Delisting Under the U.S. Endangered Species Act." Conservation Biology, Vol. 15, No. 5 (Oct. 2001): 1258-68. Hemley, Ginette. "CITES: How Useful a Tool For Wildlife Conservation?" Wildlife Society Bulletin, Vol. 23, No. 4, Changes and Challenges in the Wildlife Profession (Winter, 1995): 635-39. "History and Evolution of the Endangered Species Act of 1973, Including its Relationship to CITES." Fish and Wildlife Service. 1 May 2008. U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. 2 Dec. 2008 . Reibstein, Rick. "Endangered Species Act." CAS GE 521, Boston, MA. 19 Nov. 2008. Endangered Species Legislation Essay -- CITES, Endangered Species Act The latter half of the twentieth century was host to the greatest and most widespread advancements in environmental awareness in human history. It was during this time that people began to consider the effects of their polluting cars and their wasteful habits. People began to realize that something must be done to curb humans’ negative impacts on their surroundings and thus the environmental movement was born. One of the most important factors that resulted from this expansion of environmental consciousness occurring over the last several decades has been the protection of endangered species. Much has been done in the legal world to ensure the continued longevity of our planet’s diversity, including two major policies: CITES and the Endangered Species Act. Each of these policies has approached the welfare of endangered species in a different way, with varying degrees of success. Each strategy will be summarized and analyzed, beginning with the CITES treaty, as it was enacted before the Endangered Species Act. However, before examining the function and effectiveness of each strategy, it is important to understand the history behind each one of them. In 1966, Congress passed the Endangered Species Preservation Act, a piece of legislation designed to provide limited protection to a list of native animal species. The Departments of Interior, Agriculture, and Defense were responsible for the protection of these species and the preservation of their habitats. It also allotted land to the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service to help maintain these natural habitats. In 1969, the Act was amended because further protection was necessary. With the threat of worldwide extinction, the amendment called for an international meeting and cha... ...es rather than the officials that manage them, but all things considered, these two policies go a long way to improving the problem of human-caused extinction. Works Cited Doremus, Holly, and Joel E. Pagel. "Why Listing May Be Forever: Perspectives on Delisting Under the U.S. Endangered Species Act." Conservation Biology, Vol. 15, No. 5 (Oct. 2001): 1258-68. Hemley, Ginette. "CITES: How Useful a Tool For Wildlife Conservation?" Wildlife Society Bulletin, Vol. 23, No. 4, Changes and Challenges in the Wildlife Profession (Winter, 1995): 635-39. "History and Evolution of the Endangered Species Act of 1973, Including its Relationship to CITES." Fish and Wildlife Service. 1 May 2008. U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. 2 Dec. 2008 . Reibstein, Rick. "Endangered Species Act." CAS GE 521, Boston, MA. 19 Nov. 2008.

Han Dynasty Vs. Roman Empire

The Han Dynasty and Roman Empire are two very complex civilizations that thrived around the same time. Each had similarities in political structures such as they were both ruled by emperors, but they did still have differences. They also shared similarities in economic structures such as how they were both apart of the Silk Road. Lastly they shared some similarities in social structures such as how women were treated.A similarity in the Roman Empire and Han Dynasty was that they were both ruled by emperors. Han was ruled by Gaozo and Rome was ruled by Octavian. Along with each being ruled by emperors their emperor’s shared a similar tactic in getting people to follow them. This tactic was to use some type of religious connection. Octavian used the fact that previous emperor’s were thought of as god’s to boost loyalty, and gaozo used religious pageantry to boost his power.There were still differences in these civilizations political structures though. Rome was not only ruled by an emperor, but a senate also. Han however was only ruled by an emperor. This is a minor difference, but all laws were made by the Han emperor while most in Rome were made by the Roman Senate.Next there was a similar trait in their economic structures. This was the fact that both Han China and the Roman Empire were connected by the Silk Road and were big into trading. Rome loved silk which China manufactured and china loved other goods from Rome. This was not only a similarity, but a huge connection between two great civilizations.The Han Dynasty and Roman Empire had a difference in their economic structures. This was how Han thrived on agriculture for their economy more than trade. This was different for Rome. The early Roman culture thrived on agriculture, but then the later Empire thrived more on trade.Women socially in both the Han Dynasty and Roman Empire were treated like a child in the eyes of the law. This was a huge similarity between these cultures. Women of both civilizations could not own property or vote. They also had to do as men told them, and keep the home, raise the children especially boys. If a women didn’t have a boy or couldn’t have children she was blamed and generally killed.Lastly a difference in their social structures was that the Han Dynasty didn’t have a patron/client relationship bounding together individuals of different class like Rome. This may not be a huge difference, but Han had nothing to bound together different classes. Rome used the patron/client relationship to turn men into equals, because inequality of men in Rome was turned into a system of mutual benefits and obligations.Each of these cultures Han and Rome had their political, economic, and social similarities. They were both ruled by emperor’s, they shared the Silk Road and Women were treated like children. Each of the civilizations also had their differences. These things made these civilizations grow and learn and someti mes fail, but they have set some of the basic rules for some civilizations today.

Negative Effects of Arranged Marriage - 1968 Words

According to the 2010 Census of India, there are 236,772,617 females married. 40 percent of these women are in ages between 25 and 29. And, 85 percent of these marriages are arranged. In arranged marriage there is no dating, premarital sex, living together, or even physical interaction. Sheela, J. an expert for the United Nations writes that â€Å"according to the Hindu Dharma sutras, the father should give away his daughter while she still nagnika (naked)†.† This means that as soon as the parents of the eligible man is ready to get marry, his parents look for a family of the same religion, caste, social status and class with a daughter that could fit the requirements of the family. Sheela also explains the significance of the dowry in†¦show more content†¦Sometimes women are treated like slaves and being punished for not doing their domestic work on time. David Masci writes in the â€Å"Emerging India† article for the CQ Researcher, that â€Å"t he most common reason why Indian women suffer from domestic violence is that meal are not being prepared on time†. According a United Nations survey in 2002, 65.3 percent of Indian women have been subjected to some form of domestic violence. The way women are treated in India is being notice by some brave women that go out to the streets to protest and show that women are not objects. Some of these protest put women under different perspective under the eyes of Indian population. These women are not to be seeing as courageous victims coming out of their violent environment, but big percentages see them as ridiculous and shameless. Domestic violence is a big issue in India. Marital rape, dowry deaths, and sex selective abortions are a few ways how women are being abuse. Sexual violence or marital rape is still regarded as a taboo issue. 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